Apparatus for generating motive fluid.



G. B. HAYES. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE FLUID.

APPLIUATIOK FILED NOV. 1, 1909. 7 976,077. Patented Nov. 15, 1910.

2 SHEETS-BEBE! 1.

G. B. HAYES. APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVB FLUID.

APPLIUATIOI IILED HO V. 1, 1909.

Patented Nov. 15,1910.

2 SHBETSBHBET 2.

III? -1 I I I A I II I I1 I, I! I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II I I I I GEORGE 3. Burns, oE-Dmvv'en, COLORADO.

APPARATUS FOR GEN ERATI N G IIO'IIVE FLUID.

-' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen B. HAYES, a citizen of the United States,residing at the cit and county of Denverand state of 5 Co orado, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus forGrenerating Motive Fluid; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will 10. enableothers skilled in the art to which ,it appertains to make ahd use thesame, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to theletters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a 15 part ofthis specification.

- My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for generatingmotive fluid, my ob ec.t being to provide a fluid of this character inwhich all of the heat units due to combustion are combined in a workingmedium that can be utilized in a motor without detriment to thecylinders. In doing. this, both the products of the combustion and steamgenerated by the excessive heat of the 5 products'of combustion, areutilized, both being suitable for motive fluid, preferablyin a combinedcondition. v

My further object is to obtain complete combustion of thefuel even of alow grade, with as little excess air as possible. This is accomplishedby the excedingly high degree of ,heat retained in the cb mbustionchamber and utilized for regenerating the gases. The manner in which theproducts of combustion are separated-from the combustion chamber alsocontributes to this end.

The invention relates to that class of -internal combustion generatorsin whichtlje fuel and air are burning continuously and under constantpressure, while the highly heated products of combustion are deliveredto a liquid contained in the generator, and thus diluted with steam andautomatically reduced to a suitable working temperature,

a so that. it can be used in the working cylin der of a motor withoutdetriment thereto. Both products of combustion and the vapor of theliquid are utilized, preferably in combinedform, asheretofore stated.

In, my improved apparatus, the combustion chamber is entirely submergedin the liquid which protects the parts exposedfrom the fierce heat ofcombustion, thus making it racticable' tov utilize the maximum heat ueto combustion. By locating the combustion chamber inside the gener- HSpecification of I.etters'Patent. Patented Nov. 15, 1910. Applicationfiled November 1, 1909. Serial No. 525,689.

ator, the internal pressure in the'combustion chamber is counteracted onthe outside by the generator pressure, thus rendering it un Inecessaryto construct acombustion chamber of suificient strength forwithstanding unaided,. the great internal pressure incident to anapparatus. of this character. 7 A

When gaseous fuel is used, a as or-air' compressor and a overnor valveorthe gas are Jequired in a dition to the elements required for liquidfuel.

The fuel feeddevice is designed for automatically regulatini orcontrolling the delivery of combust1 les to the combustion chamber, asrequired by the erfect combustion, for various qualities 0 I fuel. v

Assumingthat'a given number of pounds of excess pressure in the fueland, air receptacles, will deliver the necessary combustiblesfor'supply'ing the generator when working at ordinary, capacity, thevalves may be adjusted so that the combustibles will be delivered incorrect proportion for this glven pressure and it' is assumed that theratlo of air to fuel delivery will for other re'ssures remain nearlyenough constant or prac- 1 tical purposes.

The safety valve connected with the gen erator should be set to'go offat a somewhat lower pressure than the predetermined pressure 0 the fueland air sup ply, whereby a flow of combustiblesis always insured.

. Having briefly outlined my improved construction, I will proceed todescribe the same in detail, reference being made to the accompanyingdrawing, in which is illustrated an embodiment thereof.

In this drawing: Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal section taken throuh my 1mprovedapparatus, illustrating t e necessary connections forburning liquld fuel. Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section taken through theenerator and the combustion chamber therem, together withsome of theadjacent ele-.:

ments. of the apparatus, the parts being shown ona larger scale. Fig. 31s a vertical,

longitudinal-section taken throu h the governor valve, the parts being 5own on a larger scale.-

The same reference. characters mdlcate the sameparts in all the views.

Let the numeral 5 designate the gemarator provided with a dome 6 and asafety valve 7,

the weight 8 of which should be so adjusted I enerator, and also fordelivering them in suitable propor- 'tions for- Y the air compressor issurrounded by a water jacket 16, which is supplied with waterthrough apipe 17 connectedwith a water tank 18.

The water, after flowing through the jacket 16, passes by way of a pipe19, into the generator 5, through a standpipe 20, whose upper end iscontrolled by a float valve 21, acted on by a weighted lever 22.

Within the generator 5, is located a combustion chamber 23, which asshown in the drawing, is spherical in shape and composed of an innerlayer 24, of fire clay and an outer layer 25, of metal, or othersuitable material. This chamber has an o ening 26, in its top with whichis connected a gooseneck-shaped pipe, or conduit 27, which curves uwardly from the combustion chamber, as s own at 28, and then abruptlydownwardly, its lower extremity being open and terminating near thebottom of the generator.

Connected with the combustion chamber is a tw-yer 29, through which theair or other combustion-supporting medium and fuel are delivered to thecombustion chamber. The outer extremity of the twyer is closed by atransparent lens 30, to permit the inspection of the interior of thetwyer, and of the conibustion chamber.

A spark plug 31, is connected with the twyer for the purpose of theinitial ignition of the gaseous fuel for the purpose of supporting thefire. The fuel tank 32, has a cone-shaped bottom 33, connected with thetwyer by a pipe 34, containing a controlling valve 35. This pipe is alsoequipped with a valve-controlled nipple 36, whereby means are providedfor introducing additional fluid to the twyer throu h the pipe 34.

Leading from t e air-compressor cylinder 15, is a pipe 37', whichcommunicates with a pipe- 38, one extremity of which leads to the top ofthe water tank 18, while the other extremity is connected with thebottom of a governor valve 39. Also leading from the bottomof thisvalve'is a pipe 40, which communicates with the top of an air receiver41. The pipes 38 and 40 are provided with valves 42 and 43 respectively.The function of the governor valve 39, is to maintain the air within thereceiver 41 at a predetermined pressure, and this is determined by thetension of aspring 44, surrounding a stem 45, whose lower extremity isequipped with a valve 46. The opposite extremities of this spring actupon a plug 47, and a. piston 48, movable in the valve casing. Thespring 44 is set at such tension pass from the pipe 37, through thelower,

compartment 51, of the valve casing and out through the pipe 40, intothe air receiver. However, should the pressure within the receiverbecome too great, this pressure acting .upon the piston 48, will serveto depress the said piston and cause the valve 46, to cut ofl, or partlycut off the passage of coinpressed air through the compartment 51 of thereceiver.

The receiver is connected by means of a ceptacle 32, by a pipe 52,provided with a valve 53.

A small receptacle 54, is mounted upon the pipe. 50, by means of upperand lower branches 55 and 56, controlled by valves 57 and 58. Thisreceptacle contains a quantity of fuel 59, for supporting the fire, andwhen it' is desired to accomplish this pur ose, the two valves, 57 and58 are opene and a valve 60, in the pipe 50 between the branches 55 and56 is closed. The fuel within the receptacle 54, is thus placed underthe ressure of the air in the receiver-41, where y it is forced out intothe pipe 50, below the valve 60, and thus into the twyer 29.

Provision .may be made for producing a spark, or 'a succession of sparksthrough the instrumentality of the spark plug 31, with.

which the twyer is equipped, as heretofore explained. After the fire iswell started, the valve 35, in the pipe 34, leading from the bottom ofthe fuel receptacle, is opened and ,.the fuel from the tank 32automatically dei livered to the twyer and thence to the com-' the tank18, and-also upon the fuel in the I receptacle 32, by virtue of theconnections heretofore described. Air is also supplied by the receiverto the twyer for the purpose of startin the fire, this being accomlished through the medium of the small fu rece tacle 54, after whichfuel is supplied to t e combustion chamber from the tank 32, l'twyerbeing surrounded by the liquid witht-h'rough the pipe 34, the valve 35beingopened for the 1purpose. 7

The receptac e 54:, as used in'the drawing,-

contains gasolene, or other highly inflammable fuel, which may be easilyignited with the spark plug 31 and the flame carried through the twyer29 and into the combustion chamber 23, and thus used for igniting theheavier and less inflammable fuel with which the combustion chamber isto be supplied later on; and furthermore for heating up the interiorwall of the combustion chamher, that the gases of the heavier fuel maysubstantia junction with the acid.

be easily generated. A large receptacle similar to the receptacle 54 maybe used for delivering to the combustion chamber any other suitablefuel, containing a large percentage of combustion-supporting elements,such as liquid air, liquid oxygen or nitric acid When liquid air orliquid oxygen are used, the receptacle should be properly insulated forexcluding heat and should-fun.

therniore be equipped with ,a safety valve for releasing any excesspressure which may be generated by the heat which the liquid wouldabsorb from the surrounding atmosphere. When nitric" acid, or othercorrosive,

combustion-supporting media, are used, the receptacle and piping shouldbe composed of suitable material for-resisting the corrosive action ofthe agents *employed. Of course, for some combustion-supporting media,such as nitric acid, the interior wall of=this 'com-' bustionchambermust be previously heated to the proper temperature for disassociating the nitric acid and evolving free oxygen. Air maybeused forthis\purpose before the acid isintroduced,' or may be usedain con-Having thus described I claim is: v

1. In apparatus for generating motive fluid, the combination with agenerator, of a combustion chamber, submerged in the liquid of thegenerator and provided with an open-ended conduit connected with the topof the combustion chamber, and bent l my invention, what downwardly andforwardly in the combustion, chamber terminating near the bottom of thegenerator, a' twyer connected with the combustion chamber and projectingbeyond the generator, and means for simultaneously introducing fuel influid form, and a combustion-supporting medium to the twyer,

ly as described. V i 2. In a paratus for the generation of motive fluid,the combination with a.-gen-.

crating tank containing a liquid to be vaporized, of a combustlonchamber submerged in the tank and having an open-ende'd,,gooseneck-shape outlet'connected with-the top of the chamber, a twyerextending in the gen erator tank and connected with the lower part ofthe combustion chamber, the said in the generator and protrudingoutwardly tan'eously delivering to the tw'yer, fuel in fluid form, and acombustion-supporting medium, the fuel and the said medium beingdelivered at uniform pressure, substantially as described. r i

' 3'. The combination with a generator containing aliquid to' bevaporized, of a combustion chamber submerged in the liquid outletcommunicatin with the iquid, an air receiver, a liqui containing tank,the float valve controlled pipe communicating with" the liquid contaimngtank of thegenceptacle in communication with thecombusbustion-supporting medium, means for supa pipe connection betweenthe liquid-containcompressor is connected,- and a governor tweentheliquid-containing tank and the air receiver, and between thecompressor ,connection and the receiver for automatically regulating thereceiver pressdre, substantially as described. j

- 4. The combination with a generator con bustion chamber submerged inthe liquid munication with the liquid, means for supplying thecombustion chamber with liquid under pressure, means for supplying thesaid chamber with a combustion-Sn porting medium under ressure, means orautomatically regulating the pressure of the combustionsupporting mediumand the fuel, a liquid fuel receptacle through'which the supportingmedium passes for starting the combuspressure at a less degree than thepressure on the combustionsupporting medium and 'the fuel supply,substantially as described. a 5. The combination with a generatorcontaining a liquid to be vaporized, of a comthe generator, means forsupplying fuel to relatively small fuel receptacle ,for initially suplying the combustion chamber with fuel un er" pressure, means forautomatically maintaining. the pressure on the fuel at aredetermineddegree, and means for reieving the pressure in the generatorat a "less degree than the pressure on the fuel pply- 6. :Thecombination with a generator containing a liquid to be vaporized, of acombeyond the generator, and means for simul of the generatorand havlngan o en-ended' erator for supplying the latter,a fuel re-' ing tank andthe receiver with which the air taining a liquid to be vaporized, ofarcom v and having an open-ended conduit in c'omtion and means forrelieving the generator bustion chamber submerged in the liquid of thecombustion chamber; under. pressure,- a

bustion chamber submer ed in the liquid tion chamber, a connectionbetween the air a receiver and the combustion chamber for' supplying thelatter with the necessary com-,

plying the air receiver with compressed air,

valve interposed in the pipe connection bea Letters Patent No. 976,077.

of the generator, 2. twyer connected with the combustion chamber andprotruding from the generator, a pipe for delivering acombustion-supporting medium to the twyer, a, relatively small liquidfuel receptacle, mounted on the pipe through which thecombustion-supporting medium passes, the

' said pipe being in communication with both extremities of thereceptacle, a cut-off valve interposed in thecombustion-supportingmedium pipe between its connection with oppositeextremities of the-fuel receptacle,

ion m Correct valves for controlling the communications between the fuelreceptacle andthe combustion-supporting-medium pipe, and a spark 15 plugconnected'with the twyer for the purpose set forth. In testimony whereofIaflix my-signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE B. HAYES.

Witnesses:

A. J. OBRIEN, v JESSIE F. HOBART.-.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 976,077, 'grantedNovember 1.), 1910, upon the application of George B. Hayes, of Denver,Colorado, for an improvement in Apparatus for Generating Motive Fluid,an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction asfollows: Page 3, line 49, for the word in read of; and that the propercorrections have been made in the files and records of this ofiice andare hereby made in said Letters Patent.

Signed and sealed this 16th day of January, A. D., 1912.

c. o. BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

Letters Patent No. 976,077.

of the generator, 2. twyer connected with the combustion chamber andprotruding from the generator, a pipe for delivering acombustion-supporting medium to the twyer, a, relatively small liquidfuel receptacle, mounted on the pipe through which thecombustion-supporting medium passes, the

' said pipe being in communication with both extremities of thereceptacle, a cut-off valve interposed in thecombustion-supportingmedium pipe between its connection with oppositeextremities of the-fuel receptacle,

ion m Correct valves for controlling the communications between the fuelreceptacle andthe combustion-supporting-medium pipe, and a spark 15 plugconnected'with the twyer for the purpose set forth. In testimony whereofIaflix my-signature 1n presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE B. HAYES.

Witnesses:

A. J. OBRIEN, v JESSIE F. HOBART.-.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 976,077, 'grantedNovember 1.), 1910, upon the application of George B. Hayes, of Denver,Colorado, for an improvement in Apparatus for Generating Motive Fluid,an error appears in the printed specification requiring correction asfollows: Page 3, line 49, for the word in read of; and that the propercorrections have been made in the files and records of this ofiice andare hereby made in said Letters Patent.

Signed and sealed this 16th day of January, A. D., 1912.

c. o. BILLINGS,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

I i i i i i it is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 976,077,'granted November 1.), 1910, upon the application of George B. Hayes, ofDenver, Colorado, for an iman error appears in the provement inApparatus for (Jrenerating Motive Fluid,

printed specification requiring correction as follows: Page 3, line 49,for the word in read of; and that the proper corrections have been madein the files and records of this office and are hereby made in saidLetters Patent.

Signed and sealed this 16th day of January, A. D., 1912.

(I (I. BlLLlNGS.

Act 72, Commissioner of Patents.

[an L.

